import logging
import re
import ssl
from dataclasses import dataclass
from functools import wraps
from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Mapping, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar, Union

from .. import (
    BrokenResourceError,
    EndOfStream,
    aclose_forcefully,
    get_cancelled_exc_class,
)
from .._core._typedattr import TypedAttributeSet, typed_attribute
from ..abc import AnyByteStream, ByteStream, Listener, TaskGroup

T_Retval = TypeVar("T_Retval")
_PCTRTT = Tuple[Tuple[str, str], ...]
_PCTRTTT = Tuple[_PCTRTT, ...]


class TLSAttribute(TypedAttributeSet):
    """Contains Transport Layer Security related attributes."""

    #: the selected ALPN protocol
    alpn_protocol: Optional[str] = typed_attribute()
    #: the channel binding for type ``tls-unique``
    channel_binding_tls_unique: bytes = typed_attribute()
    #: the selected cipher
    cipher: Tuple[str, str, int] = typed_attribute()
    #: the peer certificate in dictionary form (see :meth:`ssl.SSLSocket.getpeercert` for more
    #: information)
    peer_certificate: Optional[
        Dict[str, Union[str, _PCTRTTT, _PCTRTT]]
    ] = typed_attribute()
    #: the peer certificate in binary form
    peer_certificate_binary: Optional[bytes] = typed_attribute()
    #: ``True`` if this is the server side of the connection
    server_side: bool = typed_attribute()
    #: ciphers shared between both ends of the TLS connection
    shared_ciphers: List[Tuple[str, str, int]] = typed_attribute()
    #: the :class:`~ssl.SSLObject` used for encryption
    ssl_object: ssl.SSLObject = typed_attribute()
    #: ``True`` if this stream does (and expects) a closing TLS handshake when the stream is being
    #: closed
    standard_compatible: bool = typed_attribute()
    #: the TLS protocol version (e.g. ``TLSv1.2``)
    tls_version: str = typed_attribute()


@dataclass(eq=False)
class TLSStream(ByteStream):
    """
    A stream wrapper that encrypts all sent data and decrypts received data.

    This class has no public initializer; use :meth:`wrap` instead.
    All extra attributes from :class:`~TLSAttribute` are supported.

    :var AnyByteStream transport_stream: the wrapped stream

    """

    transport_stream: AnyByteStream
    standard_compatible: bool
    _ssl_object: ssl.SSLObject
    _read_bio: ssl.MemoryBIO
    _write_bio: ssl.MemoryBIO

    @classmethod
    async def wrap(
        cls,
        transport_stream: AnyByteStream,
        *,
        server_side: Optional[bool] = None,
        hostname: Optional[str] = None,
        ssl_context: Optional[ssl.SSLContext] = None,
        standard_compatible: bool = True,
    ) -> "TLSStream":
        """
        Wrap an existing stream with Transport Layer Security.

        This performs a TLS handshake with the peer.

        :param transport_stream: a bytes-transporting stream to wrap
        :param server_side: ``True`` if this is the server side of the connection, ``False`` if
            this is the client side (if omitted, will be set to ``False`` if ``hostname`` has been
            provided, ``False`` otherwise). Used only to create a default context when an explicit
            context has not been provided.
        :param hostname: host name of the peer (if host name checking is desired)
        :param ssl_context: the SSLContext object to use (if not provided, a secure default will be
            created)
        :param standard_compatible: if ``False``, skip the closing handshake when closing the
            connection, and don't raise an exception if the peer does the same
        :raises ~ssl.SSLError: if the TLS handshake fails

        """
        if server_side is None:
            server_side = not hostname

        if not ssl_context:
            purpose = (
                ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH if server_side else ssl.Purpose.SERVER_AUTH
            )
            ssl_context = ssl.create_default_context(purpose)

            # Re-enable detection of unexpected EOFs if it was disabled by Python
            if hasattr(ssl, "OP_IGNORE_UNEXPECTED_EOF"):
                ssl_context.options ^= ssl.OP_IGNORE_UNEXPECTED_EOF  # type: ignore[attr-defined]

        bio_in = ssl.MemoryBIO()
        bio_out = ssl.MemoryBIO()
        ssl_object = ssl_context.wrap_bio(
            bio_in, bio_out, server_side=server_side, server_hostname=hostname
        )
        wrapper = cls(
            transport_stream=transport_stream,
            standard_compatible=standard_compatible,
            _ssl_object=ssl_object,
            _read_bio=bio_in,
            _write_bio=bio_out,
        )
        await wrapper._call_sslobject_method(ssl_object.do_handshake)
        return wrapper

    async def _call_sslobject_method(
        self, func: Callable[..., T_Retval], *args: object
    ) -> T_Retval:
        while True:
            try:
                result = func(*args)
            except ssl.SSLWantReadError:
                try:
                    # Flush any pending writes first
                    if self._write_bio.pending:
                        await self.transport_stream.send(self._write_bio.read())

                    data = await self.transport_stream.receive()
                except EndOfStream:
                    self._read_bio.write_eof()
                except OSError as exc:
                    self._read_bio.write_eof()
                    self._write_bio.write_eof()
                    raise BrokenResourceError from exc
                else:
                    self._read_bio.write(data)
            except ssl.SSLWantWriteError:
                await self.transport_stream.send(self._write_bio.read())
            except ssl.SSLSyscallError as exc:
                self._read_bio.write_eof()
                self._write_bio.write_eof()
                raise BrokenResourceError from exc
            except ssl.SSLError as exc:
                self._read_bio.write_eof()
                self._write_bio.write_eof()
                if (
                    isinstance(exc, ssl.SSLEOFError)
                    or "UNEXPECTED_EOF_WHILE_READING" in exc.strerror
                ):
                    if self.standard_compatible:
                        raise BrokenResourceError from exc
                    else:
                        raise EndOfStream from None

                raise
            else:
                # Flush any pending writes first
                if self._write_bio.pending:
                    await self.transport_stream.send(self._write_bio.read())

                return result

    async def unwrap(self) -> Tuple[AnyByteStream, bytes]:
        """
        Does the TLS closing handshake.

        :return: a tuple of (wrapped byte stream, bytes left in the read buffer)

        """
        await self._call_sslobject_method(self._ssl_object.unwrap)
        self._read_bio.write_eof()
        self._write_bio.write_eof()
        return self.transport_stream, self._read_bio.read()

    async def aclose(self) -> None:
        if self.standard_compatible:
            try:
                await self.unwrap()
            except BaseException:
                await aclose_forcefully(self.transport_stream)
                raise

        await self.transport_stream.aclose()

    async def receive(self, max_bytes: int = 65536) -> bytes:
        data = await self._call_sslobject_method(self._ssl_object.read, max_bytes)
        if not data:
            raise EndOfStream

        return data

    async def send(self, item: bytes) -> None:
        await self._call_sslobject_method(self._ssl_object.write, item)

    async def send_eof(self) -> None:
        tls_version = self.extra(TLSAttribute.tls_version)
        match = re.match(r"TLSv(\d+)(?:\.(\d+))?", tls_version)
        if match:
            major, minor = int(match.group(1)), int(match.group(2) or 0)
            if (major, minor) < (1, 3):
                raise NotImplementedError(
                    f"send_eof() requires at least TLSv1.3; current "
                    f"session uses {tls_version}"
                )

        raise NotImplementedError(
            "send_eof() has not yet been implemented for TLS streams"
        )

    @property
    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
        return {
            **self.transport_stream.extra_attributes,
            TLSAttribute.alpn_protocol: self._ssl_object.selected_alpn_protocol,
            TLSAttribute.channel_binding_tls_unique: self._ssl_object.get_channel_binding,
            TLSAttribute.cipher: self._ssl_object.cipher,
            TLSAttribute.peer_certificate: lambda: self._ssl_object.getpeercert(False),
            TLSAttribute.peer_certificate_binary: lambda: self._ssl_object.getpeercert(
                True
            ),
            TLSAttribute.server_side: lambda: self._ssl_object.server_side,
            TLSAttribute.shared_ciphers: lambda: self._ssl_object.shared_ciphers(),
            TLSAttribute.standard_compatible: lambda: self.standard_compatible,
            TLSAttribute.ssl_object: lambda: self._ssl_object,
            TLSAttribute.tls_version: self._ssl_object.version,
        }


@dataclass(eq=False)
class TLSListener(Listener[TLSStream]):
    """
    A convenience listener that wraps another listener and auto-negotiates a TLS session on every
    accepted connection.

    If the TLS handshake times out or raises an exception, :meth:`handle_handshake_error` is
    called to do whatever post-mortem processing is deemed necessary.

    Supports only the :attr:`~TLSAttribute.standard_compatible` extra attribute.

    :param Listener listener: the listener to wrap
    :param ssl_context: the SSL context object
    :param standard_compatible: a flag passed through to :meth:`TLSStream.wrap`
    :param handshake_timeout: time limit for the TLS handshake
        (passed to :func:`~anyio.fail_after`)
    """

    listener: Listener[Any]
    ssl_context: ssl.SSLContext
    standard_compatible: bool = True
    handshake_timeout: float = 30

    @staticmethod
    async def handle_handshake_error(exc: BaseException, stream: AnyByteStream) -> None:
        f"""
        Handle an exception raised during the TLS handshake.

        This method does 3 things:

        #. Forcefully closes the original stream
        #. Logs the exception (unless it was a cancellation exception) using the ``{__name__}``
           logger
        #. Reraises the exception if it was a base exception or a cancellation exception

        :param exc: the exception
        :param stream: the original stream

        """
        await aclose_forcefully(stream)

        # Log all except cancellation exceptions
        if not isinstance(exc, get_cancelled_exc_class()):
            logging.getLogger(__name__).exception("Error during TLS handshake")

        # Only reraise base exceptions and cancellation exceptions
        if not isinstance(exc, Exception) or isinstance(exc, get_cancelled_exc_class()):
            raise

    async def serve(
        self,
        handler: Callable[[TLSStream], Any],
        task_group: Optional[TaskGroup] = None,
    ) -> None:
        @wraps(handler)
        async def handler_wrapper(stream: AnyByteStream) -> None:
            from .. import fail_after

            try:
                with fail_after(self.handshake_timeout):
                    wrapped_stream = await TLSStream.wrap(
                        stream,
                        ssl_context=self.ssl_context,
                        standard_compatible=self.standard_compatible,
                    )
            except BaseException as exc:
                await self.handle_handshake_error(exc, stream)
            else:
                await handler(wrapped_stream)

        await self.listener.serve(handler_wrapper, task_group)

    async def aclose(self) -> None:
        await self.listener.aclose()

    @property
    def extra_attributes(self) -> Mapping[Any, Callable[[], Any]]:
        return {
            TLSAttribute.standard_compatible: lambda: self.standard_compatible,
        }