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package Devel::StackTrace; use 5.006; use strict; use warnings; our $VERSION = '2.04'; use Devel::StackTrace::Frame; use File::Spec; use Scalar::Util qw( blessed ); use overload '""' => \&as_string, fallback => 1; sub new { my $class = shift; my %p = @_; $p{unsafe_ref_capture} = !delete $p{no_refs} if exists $p{no_refs}; my $self = bless { index => undef, frames => [], raw => [], %p, }, $class; $self->_record_caller_data; return $self; } sub _record_caller_data { my $self = shift; my $filter = $self->{filter_frames_early} && $self->_make_frame_filter; # We exclude this method by starting at least one frame back. my $x = 1 + ( $self->{skip_frames} || 0 ); while ( my @c = $self->{no_args} ? caller( $x++ ) : do { ## no critic (Modules::ProhibitMultiplePackages, Variables::ProhibitPackageVars) package # the newline keeps dzil from adding a version here DB; @DB::args = (); caller( $x++ ); } ) { my @args; ## no critic (Variables::ProhibitPackageVars, BuiltinFunctions::ProhibitComplexMappings) unless ( $self->{no_args} ) { # This is the same workaroud as was applied to Carp.pm a little # while back # (https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=131046): # # Guard our serialization of the stack from stack refcounting # bugs NOTE this is NOT a complete solution, we cannot 100% # guard against these bugs. However in many cases Perl *is* # capable of detecting them and throws an error when it # does. Unfortunately serializing the arguments on the stack is # a perfect way of finding these bugs, even when they would not # affect normal program flow that did not poke around inside the # stack. Inside of Carp.pm it makes little sense reporting these # bugs, as Carp's job is to report the callers errors, not the # ones it might happen to tickle while doing so. See: # https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=131046 and: # https://rt.perl.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=52610 for more # details and discussion. - Yves @args = map { my $arg; local $@ = $@; eval { $arg = $_; 1; } or do { $arg = '** argument not available anymore **'; }; $arg; } @DB::args; } ## use critic my $raw = { caller => \@c, args => \@args, }; next if $filter && !$filter->($raw); unless ( $self->{unsafe_ref_capture} ) { $raw->{args} = [ map { ref $_ ? $self->_ref_to_string($_) : $_ } @{ $raw->{args} } ]; } push @{ $self->{raw} }, $raw; } } sub _ref_to_string { my $self = shift; my $ref = shift; return overload::AddrRef($ref) if blessed $ref && $ref->isa('Exception::Class::Base'); return overload::AddrRef($ref) unless $self->{respect_overload}; ## no critic (Variables::RequireInitializationForLocalVars) local $@; local $SIG{__DIE__}; ## use critic my $str = eval { $ref . q{} }; return $@ ? overload::AddrRef($ref) : $str; } sub _make_frames { my $self = shift; my $filter = !$self->{filter_frames_early} && $self->_make_frame_filter; my $raw = delete $self->{raw}; for my $r ( @{$raw} ) { next if $filter && !$filter->($r); $self->_add_frame( $r->{caller}, $r->{args} ); } } my $default_filter = sub {1}; sub _make_frame_filter { my $self = shift; my ( @i_pack_re, %i_class ); if ( $self->{ignore_package} ) { ## no critic (Variables::RequireInitializationForLocalVars) local $@; local $SIG{__DIE__}; ## use critic $self->{ignore_package} = [ $self->{ignore_package} ] unless eval { @{ $self->{ignore_package} } }; @i_pack_re = map { ref $_ ? $_ : qr/^\Q$_\E$/ } @{ $self->{ignore_package} }; } my $p = __PACKAGE__; push @i_pack_re, qr/^\Q$p\E$/; if ( $self->{ignore_class} ) { $self->{ignore_class} = [ $self->{ignore_class} ] unless ref $self->{ignore_class}; %i_class = map { $_ => 1 } @{ $self->{ignore_class} }; } my $user_filter = $self->{frame_filter}; return sub { return 0 if grep { $_[0]{caller}[0] =~ /$_/ } @i_pack_re; return 0 if grep { $_[0]{caller}[0]->isa($_) } keys %i_class; if ($user_filter) { return $user_filter->( $_[0] ); } return 1; }; } sub _add_frame { my $self = shift; my $c = shift; my $p = shift; # eval and is_require are only returned when applicable under 5.00503. push @$c, ( undef, undef ) if scalar @$c == 6; push @{ $self->{frames} }, Devel::StackTrace::Frame->new( $c, $p, $self->{respect_overload}, $self->{max_arg_length}, $self->{message}, $self->{indent} ); } sub next_frame { my $self = shift; # reset to top if necessary. $self->{index} = -1 unless defined $self->{index}; my @f = $self->frames; if ( defined $f[ $self->{index} + 1 ] ) { return $f[ ++$self->{index} ]; } else { $self->{index} = undef; ## no critic (Subroutines::ProhibitExplicitReturnUndef) return undef; } } sub prev_frame { my $self = shift; my @f = $self->frames; # reset to top if necessary. $self->{index} = scalar @f unless defined $self->{index}; if ( defined $f[ $self->{index} - 1 ] && $self->{index} >= 1 ) { return $f[ --$self->{index} ]; } else { ## no critic (Subroutines::ProhibitExplicitReturnUndef) $self->{index} = undef; return undef; } } sub reset_pointer { my $self = shift; $self->{index} = undef; return; } sub frames { my $self = shift; if (@_) { die "Devel::StackTrace->frames can only take Devel::StackTrace::Frame args\n" if grep { !$_->isa('Devel::StackTrace::Frame') } @_; $self->{frames} = \@_; delete $self->{raw}; } else { $self->_make_frames if $self->{raw}; } return @{ $self->{frames} }; } sub frame { my $self = shift; my $i = shift; return unless defined $i; return ( $self->frames )[$i]; } sub frame_count { my $self = shift; return scalar( $self->frames ); } sub message { $_[0]->{message} } sub as_string { my $self = shift; my $p = shift; my @frames = $self->frames; if (@frames) { my $st = q{}; my $first = 1; for my $f (@frames) { $st .= $f->as_string( $first, $p ) . "\n"; $first = 0; } return $st; } my $msg = $self->message; return $msg if defined $msg; return 'Trace begun'; } { ## no critic (Modules::ProhibitMultiplePackages, ClassHierarchies::ProhibitExplicitISA) package # hide from PAUSE Devel::StackTraceFrame; our @ISA = 'Devel::StackTrace::Frame'; } 1; # ABSTRACT: An object representing a stack trace __END__ =pod =encoding UTF-8 =head1 NAME Devel::StackTrace - An object representing a stack trace =head1 VERSION version 2.04 =head1 SYNOPSIS use Devel::StackTrace; my $trace = Devel::StackTrace->new; print $trace->as_string; # like carp # from top (most recent) of stack to bottom. while ( my $frame = $trace->next_frame ) { print "Has args\n" if $frame->hasargs; } # from bottom (least recent) of stack to top. while ( my $frame = $trace->prev_frame ) { print "Sub: ", $frame->subroutine, "\n"; } =head1 DESCRIPTION The C<Devel::StackTrace> module contains two classes, C<Devel::StackTrace> and L<Devel::StackTrace::Frame>. These objects encapsulate the information that can retrieved via Perl's C<caller> function, as well as providing a simple interface to this data. The C<Devel::StackTrace> object contains a set of C<Devel::StackTrace::Frame> objects, one for each level of the stack. The frames contain all the data available from C<caller>. This code was created to support my L<Exception::Class::Base> class (part of L<Exception::Class>) but may be useful in other contexts. =head1 'TOP' AND 'BOTTOM' OF THE STACK When describing the methods of the trace object, I use the words 'top' and 'bottom'. In this context, the 'top' frame on the stack is the most recent frame and the 'bottom' is the least recent. Here's an example: foo(); # bottom frame is here sub foo { bar(); } sub bar { Devel::StackTrace->new; # top frame is here. } =head1 METHODS This class provide the following methods: =head2 Devel::StackTrace->new(%named_params) Returns a new Devel::StackTrace object. Takes the following parameters: =over 4 =item * frame_filter => $sub By default, Devel::StackTrace will include all stack frames before the call to its constructor. However, you may want to filter out some frames with more granularity than 'ignore_package' or 'ignore_class' allow. You can provide a subroutine which is called with the raw frame data for each frame. This is a hash reference with two keys, "caller", and "args", both of which are array references. The "caller" key is the raw data as returned by Perl's C<caller> function, and the "args" key are the subroutine arguments found in C<@DB::args>. The filter should return true if the frame should be included, or false if it should be skipped. =item * filter_frames_early => $boolean If this parameter is true, C<frame_filter> will be called as soon as the stacktrace is created, and before refs are stringified (if C<unsafe_ref_capture> is not set), rather than being filtered lazily when L<Devel::StackTrace::Frame> objects are first needed. This is useful if you want to filter based on the frame's arguments and want to be able to examine object properties, for example. =item * ignore_package => $package_name OR \@package_names Any frames where the package is one of these packages will not be on the stack. =item * ignore_class => $package_name OR \@package_names Any frames where the package is a subclass of one of these packages (or is the same package) will not be on the stack. Devel::StackTrace internally adds itself to the 'ignore_package' parameter, meaning that the Devel::StackTrace package is B<ALWAYS> ignored. However, if you create a subclass of Devel::StackTrace it will not be ignored. =item * skip_frames => $integer This will cause this number of stack frames to be excluded from top of the stack trace. This prevents the frames from being captured at all, and applies before the C<frame_filter>, C<ignore_package>, or C<ignore_class> options, even with C<filter_frames_early>. =item * unsafe_ref_capture => $boolean If this parameter is true, then Devel::StackTrace will store references internally when generating stacktrace frames. B<This option is very dangerous, and should never be used with exception objects>. Using this option will keep any objects or references alive past their normal lifetime, until the stack trace object goes out of scope. It can keep objects alive even after their C<DESTROY> sub is called, resulting it it being called multiple times on the same object. If not set, Devel::StackTrace replaces any references with their stringified representation. =item * no_args => $boolean If this parameter is true, then Devel::StackTrace will not store caller arguments in stack trace frames at all. =item * respect_overload => $boolean By default, Devel::StackTrace will call C<overload::AddrRef> to get the underlying string representation of an object, instead of respecting the object's stringification overloading. If you would prefer to see the overloaded representation of objects in stack traces, then set this parameter to true. =item * max_arg_length => $integer By default, Devel::StackTrace will display the entire argument for each subroutine call. Setting this parameter causes truncates each subroutine argument's string representation if it is longer than this number of characters. =item * message => $string By default, Devel::StackTrace will use 'Trace begun' as the message for the first stack frame when you call C<as_string>. You can supply an alternative message using this option. =item * indent => $boolean If this parameter is true, each stack frame after the first will start with a tab character, just like C<Carp::confess>. =back =head2 $trace->next_frame Returns the next L<Devel::StackTrace::Frame> object on the stack, going down. If this method hasn't been called before it returns the first frame. It returns C<undef> when it reaches the bottom of the stack and then resets its pointer so the next call to C<< $trace->next_frame >> or C<< $trace->prev_frame >> will work properly. =head2 $trace->prev_frame Returns the next L<Devel::StackTrace::Frame> object on the stack, going up. If this method hasn't been called before it returns the last frame. It returns undef when it reaches the top of the stack and then resets its pointer so the next call to C<< $trace->next_frame >> or C<< $trace->prev_frame >> will work properly. =head2 $trace->reset_pointer Resets the pointer so that the next call to C<< $trace->next_frame >> or C<< $trace->prev_frame >> will start at the top or bottom of the stack, as appropriate. =head2 $trace->frames When this method is called with no arguments, it returns a list of L<Devel::StackTrace::Frame> objects. They are returned in order from top (most recent) to bottom. This method can also be used to set the object's frames if you pass it a list of L<Devel::StackTrace::Frame> objects. This is useful if you want to filter the list of frames in ways that are more complex than can be handled by the C<< $trace->filter_frames >> method: $stacktrace->frames( my_filter( $stacktrace->frames ) ); =head2 $trace->frame($index) Given an index, this method returns the relevant frame, or undef if there is no frame at that index. The index is exactly like a Perl array. The first frame is 0 and negative indexes are allowed. =head2 $trace->frame_count Returns the number of frames in the trace object. =head2 $trace->as_string(\%p) Calls C<< $frame->as_string >> on each frame from top to bottom, producing output quite similar to the Carp module's cluck/confess methods. The optional C<\%p> parameter only has one option. The C<max_arg_length> parameter truncates each subroutine argument's string representation if it is longer than this number of characters. If all the frames in a trace are skipped then this just returns the C<message> passed to the constructor or the string C<"Trace begun">. =head2 $trace->message Returns the message passed to the constructor. If this wasn't passed then this method returns C<undef>. =head1 SUPPORT Bugs may be submitted at L<https://github.com/houseabsolute/Devel-StackTrace/issues>. I am also usually active on IRC as 'autarch' on C<irc://irc.perl.org>. =head1 SOURCE The source code repository for Devel-StackTrace can be found at L<https://github.com/houseabsolute/Devel-StackTrace>. =head1 DONATIONS If you'd like to thank me for the work I've done on this module, please consider making a "donation" to me via PayPal. I spend a lot of free time creating free software, and would appreciate any support you'd care to offer. Please note that B<I am not suggesting that you must do this> in order for me to continue working on this particular software. I will continue to do so, inasmuch as I have in the past, for as long as it interests me. Similarly, a donation made in this way will probably not make me work on this software much more, unless I get so many donations that I can consider working on free software full time (let's all have a chuckle at that together). To donate, log into PayPal and send money to autarch@urth.org, or use the button at L<http://www.urth.org/~autarch/fs-donation.html>. =head1 AUTHOR Dave Rolsky <autarch@urth.org> =head1 CONTRIBUTORS =for stopwords Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker David Cantrell Graham Knop Ivan Bessarabov Mark Fowler Pali Ricardo Signes =over 4 =item * Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org> =item * David Cantrell <david@cantrell.org.uk> =item * Graham Knop <haarg@haarg.org> =item * Ivan Bessarabov <ivan@bessarabov.ru> =item * Mark Fowler <mark@twoshortplanks.com> =item * Pali <pali@cpan.org> =item * Ricardo Signes <rjbs@cpan.org> =back =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE This software is Copyright (c) 2000 - 2019 by David Rolsky. This is free software, licensed under: The Artistic License 2.0 (GPL Compatible) The full text of the license can be found in the F<LICENSE> file included with this distribution. =cut