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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>Debian Python Policy - Python Programs</title> <link href="index.html" rel="start"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html" rel="prev"> <link href="ch-embed.html" rel="next"> <link href="index.html#contents" rel="contents"> <link href="index.html#copyright" rel="copyright"> <link href="ch-python3.html" rel="chapter" title="1 On the move to Python 3"> <link href="ch-python.html" rel="chapter" title="2 Python Packaging"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html" rel="chapter" title="3 Packaged Modules"> <link href="ch-programs.html" rel="chapter" title="4 Python Programs"> <link href="ch-embed.html" rel="chapter" title="5 Programs Embedding Python"> <link href="ch-other.html" rel="chapter" title="6 Interaction with Locally Installed Python Versions"> <link href="ap-build_dependencies.html" rel="appendix" title="A Build Dependencies"> <link href="ap-packaging_tools.html" rel="appendix" title="B Packaging Tools"> <link href="ap-upgrade.html" rel="appendix" title="C Upgrade Procedure"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-versions" rel="section" title="2.1 Versions"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-base" rel="section" title="2.2 Main packages"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-minimal" rel="section" title="2.3 Minimal packages"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-interpreter" rel="section" title="2.4 Python Interpreter"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-paths" rel="section" title="2.5 Module Path"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-runtimes_hooks" rel="section" title="2.6 Hooks for updates to installed runtimes"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-docs" rel="section" title="2.7 Documentation"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html#s3.1" rel="section" title="3.1 Types of Python Modules"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html#s-wheels" rel="section" title="3.2 Wheels"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html#s-package_names" rel="section" title="3.3 Module Package Names"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html#s-specifying_versions" rel="section" title="3.4 Specifying Supported Versions"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html#s-dependencies" rel="section" title="3.5 Dependencies"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html#s-provides" rel="section" title="3.6 Provides"> <link href="ch-module_packages.html#s-byte_compilation" rel="section" title="3.7 Modules Byte-Compilation"> <link href="ch-programs.html#s-interpreter-directive" rel="section" title="4.1 Interpreter directive (“Shebang”)"> <link href="ch-programs.html#s-version_indep_progs" rel="section" title="4.2 Programs using the default Python"> <link href="ch-programs.html#s-version_dep_progs" rel="section" title="4.3 Programs Using a Particular Python Version"> <link href="ch-embed.html#s-build_embedded" rel="section" title="5.1 Building Embedded Programs"> <link href="ch-embed.html#s-embedded_deps" rel="section" title="5.2 Embedded Python Dependencies"> <link href="ap-packaging_tools.html#s-distutils" rel="section" title="B.1 distutils"> <link href="ap-packaging_tools.html#s-setuptools" rel="section" title="B.2 setuptools"> <link href="ap-packaging_tools.html#s-dh-python" rel="section" title="B.3 dh-python"> <link href="ap-packaging_tools.html#s-pybuild" rel="section" title="B.4 pybuild"> <link href="ap-packaging_tools.html#s-cdbs" rel="section" title="B.5 CDBS"> <link href="ap-packaging_tools.html#s-pysupport" rel="section" title="B.6 python-support (removed)"> <link href="ap-packaging_tools.html#s-pycentral" rel="section" title="B.7 python-central (removed)"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-interpreter_name" rel="subsection" title="2.4.1 Interpreter Name"> <link href="ch-python.html#s-interpreter_loc" rel="subsection" title="2.4.2 Interpreter Location"> <link href="ch-programs.html#s-current_version_progs" rel="subsection" title="4.2.1 Programs Shipping Private Modules"> </head> <body> <p><a name="ch-programs"></a></p> <hr> <p> [ <a href="ch-module_packages.html">previous</a> ] [ <a href="index.html#contents">Contents</a> ] [ <a href="ch-python3.html">1</a> ] [ <a href="ch-python.html">2</a> ] [ <a href="ch-module_packages.html">3</a> ] [ 4 ] [ <a href="ch-embed.html">5</a> ] [ <a href="ch-other.html">6</a> ] [ <a href="ap-build_dependencies.html">A</a> ] [ <a href="ap-packaging_tools.html">B</a> ] [ <a href="ap-upgrade.html">C</a> ] [ <a href="ch-embed.html">next</a> ] </p> <hr> <h1> Debian Python Policy <br>Chapter 4 - Python Programs </h1> <hr> <h2 id="s-interpreter-directive">4.1 Interpreter directive (“Shebang”)</h2> <p> Executables written for interpretation by Python must use an appropraite interpreter directive, or “shebang”, as the first line of the program. This line should be of the form <samp>#!<var>interpreter_location</var></samp>. See <a href="ch-python.html#s-interpreter_name">Interpreter Name, Section 2.4.1</a> for the interpreter name to use. </p> <p> As noted in <a href="ch-python.html#s-interpreter_loc">Interpreter Location, Section 2.4.2</a>, the form <samp>#!/usr/bin/env <var>interpreter_name</var></samp> is deprecated. </p> <hr> <h2 id="s-version_indep_progs">4.2 Programs using the default Python</h2> <p> A package that installs a program that can be run by any version of Python 3 must declare a dependency on <code>python3</code>, with a versioned dependency if necessary. </p> <p> A package that installs a program that can be run by any version of Python 2 must declare a dependency on <code>python2</code>, with a versioned dependency if necessary. </p> <p> If the program needs the public Python module <samp>foo</samp>, the package must depend on the binary package that installs the <samp>foo</samp> module. See <a href="ch-module_packages.html#s-package_names">Module Package Names, Section 3.3</a> for the naming of packages that install public Python modules. </p> <hr> <h3 id="s-current_version_progs">4.2.1 Programs Shipping Private Modules</h3> <p> A program that specifies <code>python3</code> or <code>python</code> as its interpreter may require its own private Python modules. These modules should be installed in <code>/usr/share/<var>module</var></code>, or <code>/usr/lib/<var>module</var></code> if the modules are architecture-dependent (e.g. extensions). </p> <p> The rules explained in <a href="ch-module_packages.html#s-byte_compilation">Modules Byte-Compilation, Section 3.7</a> apply to those private modules: the byte-compiled modules must not be shipped with the binary package, they should be generated in the package's post-install script using the current default Python version, and removed in the pre-remove script. Modules should be byte-compiled using the current default Python version. </p> <p> Programs that have private compiled extensions must either handle multiple version support themselves, or declare a tight dependency on the current Python version (e.g. <samp>Depends: python3 (>= 3.5), python3 (<< 3.6)</samp>. </p> <hr> <h2 id="s-version_dep_progs">4.3 Programs Using a Particular Python Version</h2> <p> A program which requires a specific minor version of Python must specify the versioned interpreter <code>python<var>X</var>.<var>Y</var></code>. The package that installs the programs must also specify a dependency on <code>python<var>X</var>.<var>Y</var></code> and on any packages that install necessary modules. </p> <p> The notes on installation directories and byte-compilation for programs that support any version of Python also apply to programs supporting only a single Python version. Modules to be byte-compiled should use the same Python version as the package itself. </p> <hr> <p> [ <a href="ch-module_packages.html">previous</a> ] [ <a href="index.html#contents">Contents</a> ] [ <a href="ch-python3.html">1</a> ] [ <a href="ch-python.html">2</a> ] [ <a href="ch-module_packages.html">3</a> ] [ 4 ] [ <a href="ch-embed.html">5</a> ] [ <a href="ch-other.html">6</a> ] [ <a href="ap-build_dependencies.html">A</a> ] [ <a href="ap-packaging_tools.html">B</a> ] [ <a href="ap-upgrade.html">C</a> ] [ <a href="ch-embed.html">next</a> ] </p> <hr> <p> Debian Python Policy </p> <address> version 0.10.1.1<br> <br> Neil Schemenauer <code><a href="mailto:nas@debian.org">mailto:nas@debian.org</a></code><br> Matthias Klose <code><a href="mailto:doko@debian.org">mailto:doko@debian.org</a></code><br> Gregor Hoffleit <code><a href="mailto:flight@debian.org">mailto:flight@debian.org</a></code><br> Josselin Mouette <code><a href="mailto:joss@debian.org">mailto:joss@debian.org</a></code><br> Joe Wreschnig <code><a href="mailto:piman@debian.org">mailto:piman@debian.org</a></code><br> Loïc Minier <code><a href="mailto:lool@debian.org">mailto:lool@debian.org</a></code><br> Scott Kitterman <code><a href="mailto:scott@kitterman.com">mailto:scott@kitterman.com</a></code><br> Barry Warsaw <code><a href="mailto:barry@debian.org">mailto:barry@debian.org</a></code><br> Ben Finney <code><a href="mailto:ben+debian@benfinney.id.au">mailto:ben+debian@benfinney.id.au</a></code><br> <br> </address> <hr> </body> </html>