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# Copyright (c) 2012 Denis Bilenko. See LICENSE for details. from __future__ import absolute_import import sys import os from weakref import ref as wref from greenlet import greenlet as RawGreenlet from gevent._compat import integer_types from gevent.hub import _get_hub_noargs as get_hub from gevent.hub import getcurrent from gevent.hub import sleep from gevent.hub import _get_hub from gevent.event import AsyncResult from gevent.greenlet import Greenlet from gevent.pool import GroupMappingMixin from gevent.lock import Semaphore from gevent._threading import Lock from gevent._threading import Queue from gevent._threading import start_new_thread from gevent._threading import get_thread_ident __all__ = [ 'ThreadPool', 'ThreadResult', ] class _WorkerGreenlet(RawGreenlet): # Exists to produce a more useful repr for worker pool # threads/greenlets. def __init__(self, threadpool): RawGreenlet.__init__(self, threadpool._worker) self.thread_ident = get_thread_ident() self._threadpool_wref = wref(threadpool) # Inform the gevent.util.GreenletTree that this should be # considered the root (for printing purposes) and to # ignore the parent attribute. (We can't set parent to None.) self.greenlet_tree_is_root = True self.parent.greenlet_tree_is_ignored = True def __repr__(self): return "<ThreadPoolWorker at 0x%x thread_ident=0x%x %s>" % ( id(self), self.thread_ident, self._threadpool_wref()) class ThreadPool(GroupMappingMixin): """ .. note:: The method :meth:`apply_async` will always return a new greenlet, bypassing the threadpool entirely. .. caution:: Instances of this class are only true if they have unfinished tasks. """ def __init__(self, maxsize, hub=None): if hub is None: hub = get_hub() self.hub = hub self._maxsize = 0 self.manager = None self.pid = os.getpid() self.fork_watcher = hub.loop.fork(ref=False) try: self._init(maxsize) except: self.fork_watcher.close() raise def _set_maxsize(self, maxsize): if not isinstance(maxsize, integer_types): raise TypeError('maxsize must be integer: %r' % (maxsize, )) if maxsize < 0: raise ValueError('maxsize must not be negative: %r' % (maxsize, )) difference = maxsize - self._maxsize self._semaphore.counter += difference self._maxsize = maxsize self.adjust() # make sure all currently blocking spawn() start unlocking if maxsize increased self._semaphore._start_notify() def _get_maxsize(self): return self._maxsize maxsize = property(_get_maxsize, _set_maxsize) def __repr__(self): return '<%s at 0x%x %s/%s/%s hub=<%s at 0x%x thread_ident=0x%s>>' % ( self.__class__.__name__, id(self), len(self), self.size, self.maxsize, self.hub.__class__.__name__, id(self.hub), self.hub.thread_ident) def __len__(self): # XXX just do unfinished_tasks property # Note that this becomes the boolean value of this class, # that's probably not what we want! return self.task_queue.unfinished_tasks def _get_size(self): return self._size def _set_size(self, size): if size < 0: raise ValueError('Size of the pool cannot be negative: %r' % (size, )) if size > self._maxsize: raise ValueError('Size of the pool cannot be bigger than maxsize: %r > %r' % (size, self._maxsize)) if self.manager: self.manager.kill() while self._size < size: self._add_thread() delay = self.hub.loop.approx_timer_resolution while self._size > size: while self._size - size > self.task_queue.unfinished_tasks: self.task_queue.put(None) if getcurrent() is self.hub: break sleep(delay) delay = min(delay * 2, .05) if self._size: self.fork_watcher.start(self._on_fork) else: self.fork_watcher.stop() size = property(_get_size, _set_size) def _init(self, maxsize): self._size = 0 self._semaphore = Semaphore(1) self._lock = Lock() self.task_queue = Queue() self._set_maxsize(maxsize) def _on_fork(self): # fork() only leaves one thread; also screws up locks; # let's re-create locks and threads. # NOTE: See comment in gevent.hub.reinit. pid = os.getpid() if pid != self.pid: self.pid = pid # Do not mix fork() and threads; since fork() only copies one thread # all objects referenced by other threads has refcount that will never # go down to 0. self._init(self._maxsize) def join(self): """Waits until all outstanding tasks have been completed.""" delay = max(0.0005, self.hub.loop.approx_timer_resolution) while self.task_queue.unfinished_tasks > 0: sleep(delay) delay = min(delay * 2, .05) def kill(self): self.size = 0 self.fork_watcher.close() def _adjust_step(self): # if there is a possibility & necessity for adding a thread, do it while self._size < self._maxsize and self.task_queue.unfinished_tasks > self._size: self._add_thread() # while the number of threads is more than maxsize, kill one # we do not check what's already in task_queue - it could be all Nones while self._size - self._maxsize > self.task_queue.unfinished_tasks: self.task_queue.put(None) if self._size: self.fork_watcher.start(self._on_fork) else: self.fork_watcher.stop() def _adjust_wait(self): delay = 0.0001 while True: self._adjust_step() if self._size <= self._maxsize: return sleep(delay) delay = min(delay * 2, .05) def adjust(self): self._adjust_step() if not self.manager and self._size > self._maxsize: # might need to feed more Nones into the pool self.manager = Greenlet.spawn(self._adjust_wait) def _add_thread(self): with self._lock: self._size += 1 try: start_new_thread(self.__trampoline, ()) except: with self._lock: self._size -= 1 raise def spawn(self, func, *args, **kwargs): """ Add a new task to the threadpool that will run ``func(*args, **kwargs)``. Waits until a slot is available. Creates a new thread if necessary. :return: A :class:`gevent.event.AsyncResult`. """ while 1: semaphore = self._semaphore semaphore.acquire() if semaphore is self._semaphore: break thread_result = None try: task_queue = self.task_queue result = AsyncResult() # XXX We're calling the semaphore release function in the hub, otherwise # we get LoopExit (why?). Previously it was done with a rawlink on the # AsyncResult and the comment that it is "competing for order with get(); this is not # good, just make ThreadResult release the semaphore before doing anything else" thread_result = ThreadResult(result, self.hub, semaphore.release) task_queue.put((func, args, kwargs, thread_result)) self.adjust() except: if thread_result is not None: thread_result.destroy() semaphore.release() raise return result def _decrease_size(self): if sys is None: return _lock = getattr(self, '_lock', None) if _lock is not None: with _lock: self._size -= 1 # XXX: This used to be false by default. It really seems like # it should be true to avoid leaking resources. _destroy_worker_hub = True def __ignore_current_greenlet_blocking(self, hub): if hub is not None and hub.periodic_monitoring_thread is not None: hub.periodic_monitoring_thread.ignore_current_greenlet_blocking() def __trampoline(self): # The target that we create new threads with. It exists # solely to create the _WorkerGreenlet and switch to it. # (the __class__ of a raw greenlet cannot be changed.) g = _WorkerGreenlet(self) g.switch() def _worker(self): # pylint:disable=too-many-branches need_decrease = True try: while 1: # tiny bit faster than True on Py2 h = _get_hub() if h is not None: h.name = 'ThreadPool Worker Hub' task_queue = self.task_queue # While we block, don't let the monitoring thread, if any, # report us as blocked. Indeed, so long as we never # try to switch greenlets, don't report us as blocked--- # the threadpool is *meant* to run blocking tasks self.__ignore_current_greenlet_blocking(h) task = task_queue.get() try: if task is None: need_decrease = False self._decrease_size() # we want first to decrease size, then decrease unfinished_tasks # otherwise, _adjust might think there's one more idle thread that # needs to be killed return func, args, kwargs, thread_result = task try: value = func(*args, **kwargs) except: # pylint:disable=bare-except exc_info = getattr(sys, 'exc_info', None) if exc_info is None: return thread_result.handle_error((self, func), exc_info()) else: if sys is None: return thread_result.set(value) del value finally: del func, args, kwargs, thread_result, task finally: if sys is None: return # pylint:disable=lost-exception task_queue.task_done() finally: if need_decrease: self._decrease_size() if sys is not None and self._destroy_worker_hub: hub = _get_hub() if hub is not None: hub.destroy(True) del hub def apply_e(self, expected_errors, function, args=None, kwargs=None): """ .. deprecated:: 1.1a2 Identical to :meth:`apply`; the ``expected_errors`` argument is ignored. """ # pylint:disable=unused-argument # Deprecated but never documented. In the past, before # self.apply() allowed all errors to be raised to the caller, # expected_errors allowed a caller to specify a set of errors # they wanted to be raised, through the wrap_errors function. # In practice, it always took the value Exception or # BaseException. return self.apply(function, args, kwargs) def _apply_immediately(self): # If we're being called from a different thread than the one that # created us, e.g., because a worker task is trying to use apply() # recursively, we have no choice but to run the task immediately; # if we try to AsyncResult.get() in the worker thread, it's likely to have # nothing to switch to and lead to a LoopExit. return get_hub() is not self.hub def _apply_async_cb_spawn(self, callback, result): callback(result) def _apply_async_use_greenlet(self): # Always go to Greenlet because our self.spawn uses threads return True class _FakeAsync(object): def send(self): pass close = stop = send def __call_(self, result): "fake out for 'receiver'" def __bool__(self): return False __nonzero__ = __bool__ _FakeAsync = _FakeAsync() class ThreadResult(object): # Using slots here helps to debug reference cycles/leaks __slots__ = ('exc_info', 'async_watcher', '_call_when_ready', 'value', 'context', 'hub', 'receiver') def __init__(self, receiver, hub, call_when_ready): self.receiver = receiver self.hub = hub self.context = None self.value = None self.exc_info = () self.async_watcher = hub.loop.async_() self._call_when_ready = call_when_ready self.async_watcher.start(self._on_async) @property def exception(self): return self.exc_info[1] if self.exc_info else None def _on_async(self): self.async_watcher.stop() self.async_watcher.close() # Typically this is pool.semaphore.release and we have to # call this in the Hub; if we don't we get the dreaded # LoopExit (XXX: Why?) self._call_when_ready() try: if self.exc_info: self.hub.handle_error(self.context, *self.exc_info) self.context = None self.async_watcher = _FakeAsync self.hub = None self._call_when_ready = _FakeAsync self.receiver(self) finally: self.receiver = _FakeAsync self.value = None if self.exc_info: self.exc_info = (self.exc_info[0], self.exc_info[1], None) def destroy(self): self.async_watcher.stop() self.async_watcher.close() self.async_watcher = _FakeAsync self.context = None self.hub = None self._call_when_ready = _FakeAsync self.receiver = _FakeAsync def set(self, value): self.value = value self.async_watcher.send() def handle_error(self, context, exc_info): self.context = context self.exc_info = exc_info self.async_watcher.send() # link protocol: def successful(self): return self.exception is None def wrap_errors(errors, function, args, kwargs): """ .. deprecated:: 1.1a2 Previously used by ThreadPool.apply_e. """ try: return True, function(*args, **kwargs) except errors as ex: return False, ex try: import concurrent.futures except ImportError: pass else: __all__.append("ThreadPoolExecutor") from gevent.timeout import Timeout as GTimeout from gevent._util import Lazy from concurrent.futures import _base as cfb def _wrap_error(future, fn): def cbwrap(_): del _ # we're called with the async result, but # be sure to pass in ourself. Also automatically # unlink ourself so that we don't get called multiple # times. try: fn(future) except Exception: # pylint: disable=broad-except future.hub.print_exception((fn, future), *sys.exc_info()) cbwrap.auto_unlink = True return cbwrap def _wrap(future, fn): def f(_): fn(future) f.auto_unlink = True return f class _FutureProxy(object): def __init__(self, asyncresult): self.asyncresult = asyncresult # Internal implementation details of a c.f.Future @Lazy def _condition(self): from gevent import monkey if monkey.is_module_patched('threading') or self.done(): import threading return threading.Condition() # We can only properly work with conditions # when we've been monkey-patched. This is necessary # for the wait/as_completed module functions. raise AttributeError("_condition") @Lazy def _waiters(self): self.asyncresult.rawlink(self.__when_done) return [] def __when_done(self, _): # We should only be called when _waiters has # already been accessed. waiters = getattr(self, '_waiters') for w in waiters: # pylint:disable=not-an-iterable if self.successful(): w.add_result(self) else: w.add_exception(self) __when_done.auto_unlink = True @property def _state(self): if self.done(): return cfb.FINISHED return cfb.RUNNING def set_running_or_notify_cancel(self): # Does nothing, not even any consistency checks. It's # meant to be internal to the executor and we don't use it. return def result(self, timeout=None): try: return self.asyncresult.result(timeout=timeout) except GTimeout: # XXX: Theoretically this could be a completely # unrelated timeout instance. Do we care about that? raise concurrent.futures.TimeoutError() def exception(self, timeout=None): try: self.asyncresult.get(timeout=timeout) return self.asyncresult.exception except GTimeout: raise concurrent.futures.TimeoutError() def add_done_callback(self, fn): if self.done(): fn(self) else: self.asyncresult.rawlink(_wrap_error(self, fn)) def rawlink(self, fn): self.asyncresult.rawlink(_wrap(self, fn)) def __str__(self): return str(self.asyncresult) def __getattr__(self, name): return getattr(self.asyncresult, name) class ThreadPoolExecutor(concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor): """ A version of :class:`concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor` that always uses native threads, even when threading is monkey-patched. The ``Future`` objects returned from this object can be used with gevent waiting primitives like :func:`gevent.wait`. .. caution:: If threading is *not* monkey-patched, then the ``Future`` objects returned by this object are not guaranteed to work with :func:`~concurrent.futures.as_completed` and :func:`~concurrent.futures.wait`. The individual blocking methods like :meth:`~concurrent.futures.Future.result` and :meth:`~concurrent.futures.Future.exception` will always work. .. versionadded:: 1.2a1 This is a provisional API. """ def __init__(self, max_workers): super(ThreadPoolExecutor, self).__init__(max_workers) self._threadpool = ThreadPool(max_workers) self._threadpool._destroy_worker_hub = True def submit(self, fn, *args, **kwargs): with self._shutdown_lock: # pylint:disable=not-context-manager if self._shutdown: raise RuntimeError('cannot schedule new futures after shutdown') future = self._threadpool.spawn(fn, *args, **kwargs) return _FutureProxy(future) def shutdown(self, wait=True): super(ThreadPoolExecutor, self).shutdown(wait) # XXX: We don't implement wait properly kill = getattr(self._threadpool, 'kill', None) if kill: # pylint:disable=using-constant-test self._threadpool.kill() self._threadpool = None kill = shutdown # greentest compat def _adjust_thread_count(self): # Does nothing. We don't want to spawn any "threads", # let the threadpool handle that. pass