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# Text::Aligner - Align text in columns package Text::Aligner; $Text::Aligner::VERSION = '0.16'; use strict; use warnings; use 5.008; BEGIN { use Exporter (); use vars qw (@ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS); @ISA = qw (Exporter); @EXPORT = qw (); @EXPORT_OK = qw ( align); %EXPORT_TAGS = (); } # this is a non-method, and currently the only user interface sub align ($@) { my $ali = Text::Aligner->new( shift); $ali->_alloc( map ref eq 'SCALAR' ? $$_ : $_, @_); if ( defined wantarray ) { my @just = map $ali->_justify( ref eq 'SCALAR' ? $$_ : $_), @_; return @just if wantarray; return join "\n", @just, ''; } else { for ( @_ ) { $_ = $ali->_justify( $_) for ref eq 'SCALAR' ? $$_ : $_; # one-shot } } } ### class Text::Aligner sub _new { # internal constructor my $class = shift; my ( $width, $pos) = @_; # both method-or-coderef (this is very general) bless { width => $width, pos => $pos, left => Text::Aligner::MaxKeeper->new, right => Text::Aligner::MaxKeeper->new, }, $class; } # Construct an aligner sub new { my ( $class, $spec) = @_; $spec ||= 0; # left alignment is default my $al; if ( !ref( $spec) and $spec =~ s/^auto/num/ ) { $al = Text::Aligner::Auto->_new( $spec); } else { $al = $class->_new( _compile_alispec( $spec)); } $al; } # return left and right field widths for an object sub _measure0 { my $al = shift; my $obj = shift; $obj = '' unless defined $obj; my ( $w, $p); if ( ref $obj ) { ( $w, $p) = ( $obj->$al->{ width}->(), $obj->$al->{ pos}->() ); } else { ( $w, $p) = ( $al->{ width}->( $obj), $al->{ pos}->( $obj) ); } $_ ||= 0 for $w, $p; ( $p, $w - $p); } use Term::ANSIColor 2.02; # return left and right field widths for an object sub _measure { my $al = shift; my $obj = shift; $obj = '' unless defined $obj; my ( $wmeth, $pmeth) = @{ $al}{ qw( width pos)}; # support colorized strings $obj = Term::ANSIColor::colorstrip($obj) unless ref $obj; my $w = ref $wmeth ? $wmeth->( $obj) : $obj->$wmeth; my $p = ref $pmeth ? $pmeth->( $obj) : $obj->$pmeth; $_ ||= 0 for $w, $p; ( $p, $w - $p); } # Return left and right maxima, or nothing if the aligner is empty sub _status { my @lr = ( $_[ 0]->{ left}->max, $_[ 0]->{ right}->max); # $l and $r should be both defined or undefined, unless the # MaxKeeper memory is corrupted by forgetting unremembered things. return unless defined( $lr[ 0]) and defined( $lr[ 1]); @lr; } # remember alignment requirements sub _alloc { my $al = shift; for ( @_ ) { # $_ ||= ''; print "allocing '$_'\n"; my ( $l, $r) = $al->_measure( $_); $al->{ left}->remember( $l); # space needed left of pos $al->{ right}->remember( $r); # ...and right of pos } $al; } # release alignment requirement. it disturbs an aligner deeply to forget # things it hasn't remembered. the effects may be delayed. sub _forget { my $al = shift; for ( map defined() ? $_ : '', @_ ) { # print "forgetting '$_'\n"; my ( $l, $r) = $al->_measure( $_); $al->{ left}->forget( $l); $al->{ right}->forget( $r); } $al; } sub _spaces { my ($repeat_count) = @_; return (($repeat_count > 0) ? (' ' x $repeat_count) : ''); } # justify a string. a string is aligned within the aligner's field, and # filled with blanks or cut to size, as appropriate. a string that has # been allocated will never be trimmed (that is the point of allocation). # if the aligner is empty it returns the string unaltered. sub _justify { my $al = shift; my $str = shift; # print "justifying '$str'\n"; $str .= ''; # stringify (objects, numbers, undef) my ( $l_pad, $r_pad) = $al->_padding( $str); substr( $str, 0, -$l_pad) = '' if $l_pad < 0; # trim if negative substr( $str, $r_pad) = '' if $r_pad < 0; # ... both ends return _spaces($l_pad) . $str . _spaces($r_pad); # pad if positive } # return two numbers that indicate how many blanks are needed on each side # of a string to justify it. Negative values mean trim that many characters. # an empty aligner returns ( 0, 0), so doesn't change anything. sub _padding { my $al = shift; my $str = shift; my ( $this_l, $this_r) = $al->_measure( $str); my ( $l_pad, $r_pad) = ( 0, 0); if ( $al->_status ) { ( $l_pad, $r_pad) = $al->_status; $l_pad -= $this_l; $r_pad -= $this_r; } ( $l_pad, $r_pad); } # _compile_alispec() returns positioners according to specification. In # effect, it is the interpreter for alignment specifications. sub _compile_alispec { # it's a dirty job... my $width = sub { length shift }; # this is always so for string aligners my $pos; # the positioner we actually compile local $_ = shift || ''; # alignment specification if ( ref() eq 'Regexp' ) { my $regex = $_; # lexical copy! $pos = sub { local $_ = shift; return m/$regex/ ? $-[ 0] : length; # assume match after string }; } else { s/^left/0/; s/^center/0.5/; s/^right/1/; if ( _is_number( $_) ) { my $proportion = $_; # use lexical copy $pos = sub { int( $proportion*length shift) }; } elsif ( $_ =~ /^(?:num|point)(?:\((.*))?/ ) { my $point = defined $1 ? $1 : ''; $point =~ s/\)$//; # ignore trailing paren, if present length $point or $point = '.'; $pos = sub { index( shift() . $point, $point) } } else { $pos = sub { 0 }; } } ( $width, $pos); } # decide if a string is a number. (see perlfaq4). sub _is_number { my ($x) = @_; return 0 unless defined $x; return 0 if $x !~ /\d/; return 1 if $x =~ /^-?\d+\.?\d*$/; $x = Term::ANSIColor::colorstrip($x); $x =~ /^-?\d+\.?\d*$/ } package Text::Aligner::Auto; # Combined numeric and left alignment. Numbers are aligned numerically, # other strings are left-aligned. The resulting columns are interleaved # flush left and filled on the right if necessary. $Text::Aligner::Auto::VERSION = '0.16'; sub _new { # only called by Text::Aligner->new() my $class = shift; my $numspec = shift; # currently ignored bless { num => Text::Aligner->new( 'num'), # align numbers among themselves other => Text::Aligner->new, # left-align anything else }, $class; } sub _alloc { my $aa = shift; my @num = grep _is_number( $_), @_; my @other = grep !_is_number( $_), @_; $aa->{ num}->_alloc( @num); $aa->{ other}->_alloc( @other); $aa; } sub _forget { my $aa = shift; $aa->{ num}->_forget( grep _is_number( $_), @_); $aa->{ other}->_forget( grep !_is_number( $_), @_); $aa; } # Justify as required sub _justify { my ( $aa, $str) = @_; # align according to type $str = $aa->{ _is_number( $str) ? 'num' : 'other'}->_justify( $str); my $combi = Text::Aligner->new; # left-justify pre-aligned string # initialise to size of partial aligners. (don't initialise from # empty aligner) $combi->_alloc( $aa->{ num}->_justify( '')) if $aa->{ num}->_status; $combi->_alloc( $aa->{ other}->_justify( '')) if $aa->{ other}->_status; $combi->_justify( $str); } # for convenience BEGIN { # import _is_number() *_is_number = \ &Text::Aligner::_is_number; } package Text::Aligner::MaxKeeper; # Keep the maximum of a dynamic set of numbers. Optimized for the case of # a relatively small range of numbers that may occur repeatedly. $Text::Aligner::MaxKeeper::VERSION = '0.16'; sub new { bless { max => undef, seen => {}, }, shift; } sub max { $_[ 0]->{ max} } sub remember { my ( $mk, $val) = @_; _to_max( $mk->{ max}, $val); $mk->{ seen}->{ $val}++; $mk; } sub forget { my ( $mk, $val) = @_; if ( exists $mk->{ seen}->{ $val} ) { my $seen = $mk->{ seen}; unless ( --$seen->{ $val} ) { delete $seen->{ $val}; if ( $mk->{ max} == $val ) { # lost the maximum, recalculate undef $mk->{ max}; _to_max( $mk->{ max}, keys %$seen); } } } $mk; } sub _to_max { my $var = \ shift; defined $_ and ( not defined $$var or $$var < $_) and $$var = $_ for @_; $$var; } 1; #this line is important and will help the module return a true value __END__ =pod =encoding UTF-8 =head1 NAME Text::Aligner - justify strings to various alignment styles =head1 VERSION version 0.16 =head1 SYNOPSIS use Text::Aligner qw( align ); # Print the words "just a test!" right-justified each on a line: my @lines = align( 'right', qw( just a test!); print "$_\n" for @lines; =head1 DESCRIPTION Text::Aligner exports a single function, align(), which is used to justify strings to various alignment styles. The alignment specification is the first argument, followed by any number of scalars which are subject to alignment. The operation depends on context. In list context, a list of the justified scalars is returned. In scalar context, the justified arguments are joined into a single string with newlines appended. The original arguments remain unchanged. In void context, in-place justification is attempted. In this case, all arguments must be lvalues. Align() also does one level of scalar dereferencing. That is, whenever one of the arguments is a scalar reference, the scalar pointed to is aligned instead. Other references are simply stringified. An undefined argument is interpreted as an empty string without complaint. Alignment respects colorizing escape sequences a la L<Term::ANSIColor> which means it knows that these sequences don't take up space on the screen. =head1 NAME Text::Aligner - module to align text. =head1 ALIGNMENT The first argument of the align() function is an alignment style, a single scalar. It can be one of the strings "left", "right", "center", "num", "point", or "auto", or a regular expression (qr/.../), or a coderef. A default style of "left" is assumed for every other value, including "" and undef. "left", "right" and "center" have the obvious meanings. These can also be given as numbers 0, 1, and 0.5 respectively. (Other numbers are also possible, but probably not very useful). "num", and its synonym "point", specify that the decimal points be aligned (assumed on the right, unless present). Arbitrary (non-numeric) strings are also aligned in this manner, so they end up one column left of the (possibly assumed) decimal point, flush right with any integers. For the occasional string like "inf", or "-" for missing values, this may be the right place. A string-only column ends up right-aligned (unless there are points present). The "auto" style separates numeric strings (that are composed of "-", ".", and digits in the usual manner) and aligns them numerically. Other strings are left aligned with the number that sticks out farthest to the left. This gives left alignment for string-only columns and numeric alignment for columns of numbers. In mixed columns, strings are reasonably placed to serve as column headings or intermediate titles. With "num" (and "point") it is possible to specify another character for the decimal point in the form "num(,)". In fact, you can specify any string after a leading "(", and the closing ")" is optional. "point(=>)" could be used to align certain pieces of Perl code. This option is currently not available with "auto" alignment (because recognition of numbers is Anglo-centric). If a regular expression is specified, the points are aligned where the first match of the regex starts. A match is assumed immediately after the string if it doesn't match. A regular expression is a powerful way of alignment specification. It can replace most others easily, except center alignment and, of course, the double action of "auto". =head1 POSITIONERS For entirely self-defined forms of alignment, a coderef, also known as a positioner, can be given instead of an alignment style. This code will be called once or more times with the string to be aligned as its argument. It must return two numbers, a width and a position, that describe how to align a string with other strings. The width should normally be the length of the string. The position defines a point relative to the beginning of the string, which is aligned with the positions given for other strings. A zero position for all strings results in left alignment, positioning to the end of the string results in right alignment, and returning half the length gives center alignment. "num" alignment is realized by marking the position of the decimal point. Note that the position you return is a relative measure. Adding a constant value to all positions results in no change in alignment. It doesn't have to point inside the string (as in right alignment, where it points one character past the end of the string). The first return value of a positioner should almost always be the length of the given string. However, it may be useful to lie about the string length if the string contains escape sequences that occupy no place on screen. =head1 SUBROUTINES =head2 align($style, $str) See above. =head2 new(...) For internal use. =head1 USAGE use Text::Aligner qw( align ); align( $style, $str, ...); $style must be given and must be an alignment specification. Any number of scalars can follow. An argument that contains a scalar reference is dereferenced before it is used. In scalar and list context, the aligned strings are returned. In void context, the values are aligned in place and must be lvalues. =head1 BUGS None known as of release, but... =head1 AUTHOR Anno Siegel CPAN ID: ANNO =head1 COPYRIGHT Copyright (c) 2002 Anno Siegel. All rights reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the ISC license. (This program had been licensed under the same terms as Perl itself up to version 1.118 released on 2011, and was relicensed by permission of its originator). The full text of the license can be found in the LICENSE file included with this module. =head1 SEE ALSO perl(1) L<Text::Table> . =head1 AUTHOR Shlomi Fish <shlomif@cpan.org> =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE This software is Copyright (c) 2002 by Anno Siegel. This is free software, licensed under: The ISC License =cut