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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>package-spec</title> <style> body { background-color: #ffffff; color: #24292e; margin: 0; line-height: 1.5; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji"; } #rainbar { height: 10px; background-image: linear-gradient(139deg, #fb8817, #ff4b01, #c12127, #e02aff); } a { text-decoration: none; color: #0366d6; } a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } pre { margin: 1em 0px; padding: 1em; border: solid 1px #e1e4e8; border-radius: 6px; display: block; overflow: auto; white-space: pre; background-color: #f6f8fa; color: #393a34; } code { font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 85%; padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: #f6f8fa; color: #393a34; } pre > code { padding: 0; background-color: inherit; color: inherit; } h1, h2, h3 { font-weight: 600; } #logobar { background-color: #333333; margin: 0 auto; padding: 1em 4em; } #logobar .logo { float: left; } #logobar .title { font-weight: 600; color: #dddddd; float: left; margin: 5px 0 0 1em; } #logobar:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } #content { margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 4em; } #table_of_contents > h2 { font-size: 1.17em; } #table_of_contents ul:first-child { border: solid 1px #e1e4e8; border-radius: 6px; padding: 1em; background-color: #f6f8fa; color: #393a34; } #table_of_contents ul { list-style-type: none; padding-left: 1.5em; } #table_of_contents li { font-size: 0.9em; } #table_of_contents li a { color: #000000; } header.title { border-bottom: solid 1px #e1e4e8; } header.title > h1 { margin-bottom: 0.25em; } header.title > .description { display: block; margin-bottom: 0.5em; line-height: 1; } header.title .version { font-size: 0.8em; color: #666666; } footer#edit { border-top: solid 1px #e1e4e8; margin: 3em 0 4em 0; padding-top: 2em; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="banner"> <div id="rainbar"></div> <div id="logobar"> <svg class="logo" role="img" height="32" width="32" viewBox="0 0 700 700"> <polygon fill="#cb0000" points="0,700 700,700 700,0 0,0"></polygon> <polygon fill="#ffffff" points="150,550 350,550 350,250 450,250 450,550 550,550 550,150 150,150"></polygon> </svg> <div class="title"> npm command-line interface </div> </div> </div> <section id="content"> <header class="title"> <h1 id="----package-spec----1082"> <span>package-spec</span> <span class="version">@10.8.2</span> </h1> <span class="description">Package name specifier</span> </header> <section id="table_of_contents"> <h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2> <div id="_table_of_contents"><ul><li><a href="#description">Description</a></li><li><a href="#package-name">Package name</a></li><li><a href="#aliases">Aliases</a></li><li><a href="#folders">Folders</a></li><li><a href="#tarballs">Tarballs</a></li><li><a href="#git-urls">git urls</a></li><li><a href="#see-also">See also</a></li></ul></div> </section> <div id="_content"><h3 id="description">Description</h3> <p>Commands like <code>npm install</code> and the dependency sections in the <code>package.json</code> use a package name specifier. This can be many different things that all refer to a "package". Examples include a package name, git url, tarball, or local directory. These will generally be referred to as <code><package-spec></code> in the help output for the npm commands that use this package name specifier.</p> <h3 id="package-name">Package name</h3> <ul> <li><code>[<@scope>/]<pkg></code></li> <li><code>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<tag></code></li> <li><code>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<version></code></li> <li><code>[<@scope>/]<pkg>@<version range></code></li> </ul> <p>Refers to a package by name, with or without a scope, and optionally tag, version, or version range. This is typically used in combination with the <a href="../using-npm/config#registry.html">registry</a> config to refer to a package in a registry.</p> <p>Examples:</p> <ul> <li><code>npm</code></li> <li><code>@npmcli/arborist</code></li> <li><code>@npmcli/arborist@latest</code></li> <li><code>npm@6.13.1</code></li> <li><code>npm@^4.0.0</code></li> </ul> <h3 id="aliases">Aliases</h3> <ul> <li><code><alias>@npm:<name></code></li> </ul> <p>Primarily used by commands like <code>npm install</code> and in the dependency sections in the <code>package.json</code>, this refers to a package by an alias. The <code><alias></code> is the name of the package as it is reified in the <code>node_modules</code> folder, and the <code><name></code> refers to a package name as found in the configured registry.</p> <p>See <code>Package name</code> above for more info on referring to a package by name, and <a href="../using-npm/config#registry.html">registry</a> for configuring which registry is used when referring to a package by name.</p> <p>Examples:</p> <ul> <li><code>semver:@npm:@npmcli/semver-with-patch</code></li> <li><code>semver:@npm:semver@7.2.2</code></li> <li><code>semver:@npm:semver@legacy</code></li> </ul> <h3 id="folders">Folders</h3> <ul> <li><code><folder></code></li> </ul> <p>This refers to a package on the local filesystem. Specifically this is a folder with a <code>package.json</code> file in it. This <em>should</em> always be prefixed with a <code>/</code> or <code>./</code> (or your OS equivalent) to reduce confusion. npm currently will parse a string with more than one <code>/</code> in it as a folder, but this is legacy behavior that may be removed in a future version.</p> <p>Examples:</p> <ul> <li><code>./my-package</code></li> <li><code>/opt/npm/my-package</code></li> </ul> <h3 id="tarballs">Tarballs</h3> <ul> <li><code><tarball file></code></li> <li><code><tarball url></code></li> </ul> <p>Examples:</p> <ul> <li><code>./my-package.tgz</code></li> <li><code>https://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-1.0.0.tgz</code></li> </ul> <p>Refers to a package in a tarball format, either on the local filesystem or remotely via url. This is the format that packages exist in when uploaded to a registry.</p> <h3 id="git-urls">git urls</h3> <ul> <li><code><git:// url></code></li> <li><code><github username>/<github project></code></li> </ul> <p>Refers to a package in a git repo. This can be a full git url, git shorthand, or a username/package on GitHub. You can specify a git tag, branch, or other git ref by appending <code>#ref</code>.</p> <p>Examples:</p> <ul> <li><code>https://github.com/npm/cli.git</code></li> <li><code>git@github.com:npm/cli.git</code></li> <li><code>git+ssh://git@github.com/npm/cli#v6.0.0</code></li> <li><code>github:npm/cli#HEAD</code></li> <li><code>npm/cli#c12ea07</code></li> </ul> <h3 id="see-also">See also</h3> <ul> <li><a href="https://npm.im/npm-package-arg">npm-package-arg</a></li> <li><a href="../using-npm/scope.html">scope</a></li> <li><a href="../using-npm/config.html">config</a></li> </ul></div> <footer id="edit"> <a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/edit/latest/docs/content/using-npm/package-spec.md"> <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentcolor" style="vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-right: 0.3em;"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.013 1.427a1.75 1.75 0 012.474 0l1.086 1.086a1.75 1.75 0 010 2.474l-8.61 8.61c-.21.21-.47.364-.756.445l-3.251.93a.75.75 0 01-.927-.928l.929-3.25a1.75 1.75 0 01.445-.758l8.61-8.61zm1.414 1.06a.25.25 0 00-.354 0L10.811 3.75l1.439 1.44 1.263-1.263a.25.25 0 000-.354l-1.086-1.086zM11.189 6.25L9.75 4.81l-6.286 6.287a.25.25 0 00-.064.108l-.558 1.953 1.953-.558a.249.249 0 00.108-.064l6.286-6.286z"></path> </svg> Edit this page on GitHub </a> </footer> </section> </body></html>