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use strict; use warnings; package Email::MessageID 1.408; # ABSTRACT: Generate world unique message-ids. use overload '""' => 'as_string', fallback => 1; #pod =head1 SYNOPSIS #pod #pod use Email::MessageID; #pod #pod my $mid = Email::MessageID->new->in_brackets; #pod #pod print "Message-ID: $mid\x0D\x0A"; #pod #pod =head1 DESCRIPTION #pod #pod Message-ids are optional, but highly recommended, headers that identify a #pod message uniquely. This software generates a unique message-id. #pod #pod =method new #pod #pod my $mid = Email::MessageID->new; #pod #pod my $new_mid = Email::MessageID->new( host => $myhost ); #pod #pod This class method constructs an Email::MessageID object #pod containing a unique message-id. You may specify custom C<host> and C<user> #pod parameters. #pod #pod By default, the C<host> is generated from C<Sys::Hostname::hostname>. #pod #pod By default, the C<user> is generated using C<Time::HiRes>'s C<gettimeofday> #pod and the process ID. #pod #pod Using these values we have the ability to ensure world uniqueness down to #pod a specific process running on a specific host, and the exact time down to #pod six digits of microsecond precision. #pod #pod =cut sub new { my ($class, %args) = @_; $args{user} ||= $class->create_user; $args{host} ||= $class->create_host; my $str = "$args{user}\@$args{host}"; bless \$str => $class; } #pod =method create_host #pod #pod my $domain_part = Email::MessageID->create_host; #pod #pod This method returns the domain part of the message-id. #pod #pod =cut my $_SYS_HOSTNAME_LONG; sub create_host { unless (defined $_SYS_HOSTNAME_LONG) { $_SYS_HOSTNAME_LONG = (eval { require Sys::Hostname::Long; 1 }) || 0; require Sys::Hostname unless $_SYS_HOSTNAME_LONG; } return $_SYS_HOSTNAME_LONG ? Sys::Hostname::Long::hostname_long() : Sys::Hostname::hostname(); } #pod =method create_user #pod #pod my $local_part = Email::MessageID->create_user; #pod #pod This method returns a unique local part for the message-id. It includes some #pod random data and some predictable data. #pod #pod =cut my @CHARS = ('A'..'F','a'..'f',0..9); my %uniq; sub create_user { my $noise = join '', map {; $CHARS[rand @CHARS] } (0 .. (3 + int rand 6)); my $t = time; my $u = exists $uniq{$t} ? ++$uniq{$t} : (%uniq = ($t => 0))[1]; my $user = join '.', $t . $u, $noise, $$; return $user; } #pod =method in_brackets #pod #pod When using Email::MessageID directly to populate the C<Message-ID> field, be #pod sure to use C<in_brackets> to get the string inside angle brackets: #pod #pod header => [ #pod ... #pod 'Message-Id' => Email::MessageID->new->in_brackets, #pod ], #pod #pod Don't make this common mistake: #pod #pod header => [ #pod ... #pod 'Message-Id' => Email::MessageID->new->as_string, # WRONG! #pod ], #pod #pod =for Pod::Coverage address as_string host user #pod #pod =cut sub user { (split /@/, ${ $_[0] }, 2)[0] } sub host { (split /@/, ${ $_[0] }, 2)[1] } sub in_brackets { my ($self) = @_; return "<$$self>"; } sub address { my ($self) = @_; return "$$self"; } sub as_string { my ($self) = @_; return "$$self"; } 1; __END__ =pod =encoding UTF-8 =head1 NAME Email::MessageID - Generate world unique message-ids. =head1 VERSION version 1.408 =head1 SYNOPSIS use Email::MessageID; my $mid = Email::MessageID->new->in_brackets; print "Message-ID: $mid\x0D\x0A"; =head1 DESCRIPTION Message-ids are optional, but highly recommended, headers that identify a message uniquely. This software generates a unique message-id. =head1 PERL VERSION This library should run on perls released even a long time ago. It should work on any version of perl released in the last five years. Although it may work on older versions of perl, no guarantee is made that the minimum required version will not be increased. The version may be increased for any reason, and there is no promise that patches will be accepted to lower the minimum required perl. =head1 METHODS =head2 new my $mid = Email::MessageID->new; my $new_mid = Email::MessageID->new( host => $myhost ); This class method constructs an Email::MessageID object containing a unique message-id. You may specify custom C<host> and C<user> parameters. By default, the C<host> is generated from C<Sys::Hostname::hostname>. By default, the C<user> is generated using C<Time::HiRes>'s C<gettimeofday> and the process ID. Using these values we have the ability to ensure world uniqueness down to a specific process running on a specific host, and the exact time down to six digits of microsecond precision. =head2 create_host my $domain_part = Email::MessageID->create_host; This method returns the domain part of the message-id. =head2 create_user my $local_part = Email::MessageID->create_user; This method returns a unique local part for the message-id. It includes some random data and some predictable data. =head2 in_brackets When using Email::MessageID directly to populate the C<Message-ID> field, be sure to use C<in_brackets> to get the string inside angle brackets: header => [ ... 'Message-Id' => Email::MessageID->new->in_brackets, ], Don't make this common mistake: header => [ ... 'Message-Id' => Email::MessageID->new->as_string, # WRONG! ], =for Pod::Coverage address as_string host user =head1 AUTHORS =over 4 =item * Casey West <casey@geeknest.com> =item * Ricardo SIGNES <cpan@semiotic.systems> =back =head1 CONTRIBUTORS =for stopwords Aaron Crane Pali Ricardo Signes =over 4 =item * Aaron Crane <arc@cpan.org> =item * Pali <pali@cpan.org> =item * Ricardo Signes <rjbs@semiotic.systems> =back =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE This software is copyright (c) 2004 by Casey West. This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself. =cut